Comportamiento del contenido ionico en las aguas subterráneas afectadas por la salinización. Caso de estudio: Cuenca de Zapata, provincia de Matanzas.

Abstract

Se realiza un análisis de las relaciones entre el contenido de HCO3 - , SO4 2-, Ca2+, Mg 2+, Na+, K+ y el contenido de Cl- en las aguas de la Cuenca de Zapata. Con el fin de identificar los diferentes procesos hidrogeoquímicos asociados al proceso de mezcla agua dulce-agua de mar, los valores de dichas relaciones son comparados a la vez con los valores teóricos obtenidos de la mezcla simple de un agua dulce, correspondiente a la zona de alimentación del acuífero, y el agua de mar. Los procesos que se reconocen en la Cuenca de Zapata son la disolución-precipitación de carbonatos y la reducción de sulfatos, los cuales son identificados, fundamentalmente, en los puntos más cercanos a la costa, en los puntos donde se muestreó a diferentes profundidades y en las zonas asociadas a los depósitos de turbas. An analysis is made of the relationships between the content of HCO3 -, SO4 2-, Ca2 +, Mg2 +, Na +, K + and the Cl- content in the waters of the Zapata Basin. In order to identify the different hydrogeochemical processes associated with the process of mixing freshwater-seawater, the values of these relationships are compared at the same time with the theoretical values obtained from the simple mixture of a freshwater, corresponding to the zone of aquifer feeding, and seawater. The processes that are recognized in the Zapata Basin are the dissolution-precipitation of carbonates and the reduction of sulphates, which are identified, fundamentally, in the points closest to the coast, in the points where they were sampled at different depths and in the zones associated with peat deposits. An analysis is made of the relationships between the content of HCO3 -, SO4 2-, Ca2 +, Mg2 +, Na +, K + and the Cl- content in the waters of the Zapata Basin. In order to identify the different hydrogeochemical processes associated with the process of mixing freshwater-seawater, the values of these relationships are compared at the same time with the theoretical values obtained from the simple mixture of a freshwater, corresponding to the zone of aquifer feeding, and seawater. The processes that are recognized in the Zapata Basin are the dissolution-precipitation of carbonates and the reduction of sulphates, which are identified, fundamentally, in the points closest to the coast, in the points where they were sampled at different depths and in the zones associated with peat deposits. (Traducción automática)